NZEB What is a nearly zero energy building Overview, implementation andcomparison of definitions

- Buildings are estimated to account for approximately 40% of primary energy and 36% of greenhouse
emissions.

- Data on the total building stock in European Member States is reported in Figure 2 together with the number of new dwellings divided per typology.

 

- Data on energy consumption of the existing stock show that the largest energy saving potential is associated with the older building stock characterized by a lack of building
envelope insulation.

- The predominant energy end-use is space heating which is responsible for about
70% of dwelling consumption.

- Electricity consumption per household has been decreasing in most countries since 2008 thanks to the diffusion of efficient appliances,
compact fluorescent lights and light emitting diodes.

- Directives aimed at the improvement of buildings energy performance are the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) (EU, 2012/27/EU) and the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) (EU, 2009/28/EU)

- According to the EPBD recast, new buildings occupied by public authorities and
properties have to be NZEBs by December 31, 2018 and all new buildings by December 31,
2020 [17]

- The nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should be

covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby.

 

- Primary energy factors used for the determination of the
primary energy use may be based on national or regional yearly average values taking into
account relevant European standards.

- Several studies have shown how a heterogeneous situation characterizes Europe in
relation to building and climate types. As a consequence, different cost-optimal
levels and packages of energy efficient measures can be found .